Which is a potential consequence of barotrauma during flight?

• A. Tympanic rupture
• B. Improved hearing
• C. No pain
• D. Nausea only

Answer: (A)

Barotrauma during flight happens when rapid cabin pressure changes are not matched by the pressure inside air-filled spaces, especially the middle ear. The middle ear stays in balance with the outside air through the Eustachian tube, which opens to equalize pressure. If the tube is blocked (common with congestion or a cold), air can’t escape or enter to compensate for the changing cabin pressure. The resulting pressure difference pushes on the tympanic membrane, causing fullness, pain, and muffled hearing. In severe cases this pressure can rupture the tympanic membrane, making tympanic rupture a real and potential consequence.

That’s why the option describing tympanic rupture fits best. Improved hearing would not occur with barotrauma; no pain is inconsistent with the typical symptoms, and while nausea can accompany vertigo, it’s not the primary or sole consequence of barotrauma in flight.