Which vein is the preferred site to place an IV catheter in a canine patient?

• A. Lateral saphenous vein (hindlimb)
• B. Cephalic vein (forelimb)
• C. Central line (jugular vein)
• D. Median cubital vein

Answer: (B)

The forelimb cephalic vein is typically the preferred site because it is usually easy to locate and access, sits close to the surface, and follows a relatively straight path to the heart. This makes catheter placement straightforward, reduces the chance of catheter kinking or dislodgement, and allows straightforward monitoring for signs of infiltration or swelling. It also works well in a variety of restraint positions, so the patient can be positioned with minimal stress during placement and maintenance.

Central venous access via the jugular is reserved for cases needing long-term or very large-volume administration and carries higher risks (infection, pneumothorax) and requires more specialized technique. The lateral saphenous vein is a good alternative if the cephalic isn’t accessible, but it can be less stable and harder to secure in some dogs, especially with movement. The median cubital vein isn’t routinely used in dogs due to less predictable anatomy and access.